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Articles

Vol. 58 No. 5 (2025): Prawo i Więź nr 5 (58) 2025

From Slave to Electronic Legal Entity – Considerations on Legal Subjectivity for AI

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36128/qjfzg275
Submitted
28 October 2024
Published
18 November 2025

Abstract

The impressive development of new technology in recent years and the creation of machines equipped with artificial intelligence systems that are used in an increasing range of tasks required us, to the discussion of the development of artificial intelligence in relation to its responsibility and legal subjectivity. The aim of this article is to compare concepts regarding a legal entity for artificial intelligent agents based on Polish law and EU law. The research activity adopted in the article is supported by a theoretical method that brings together the professional literature and practitioners who use control over technology, including artificial intelligence, on a daily basis. Additionally, the article is supplemented by a dogmatic and legal analysis of the provisions of the Polish Civil Code, the Animal Protection Act and soft law instruments.

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