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Tom 63 Nr 4 (2026): Prawo i Więź

Memetic warfare as a threat to cognitive security. Legal approaches and non-legal safeguards in Poland

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36128/0zdzfz89
Przesłane
29 stycznia 2026
Opublikowane
24 września 2026

Abstrakt

This article examines the phenomenon of "memetic warfare" as a growing threat to cognitive security and democratic processes. The authors argue that memes – due to their virality, simplicity, and humorous nature – can be an effective tool for narrative manipulation, capable of shaping public opinion, deepening social polarization, and amplifying political and extremist propaganda. The development of artificial intelligence further facilitates the mass distribution of memes, increasing the scale and speed of their impact. At the same time, the balance between protection against disinformation and respect for freedom of speech and artistic creation remains a challenge, especially in the area of satire and parody. The article discusses potential legal and non-legal responses against memetic warfare, emphasizing the importance of targeting inauthentic behavior, strengthening social and cognitive resilience, narrative monitoring activities, and strategic communication. The study indicates that effective defense requires a multidimensional approach, encompassing regulations, technologies, psychological measures, and active social participation in shaping the information space.

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