The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms does not provide for social rights and does not prescribe social policies. However, the protection of rights relating to the satisfaction of housing needs is of interest to the Court on the basis of the provisions of the Convention, in particular Articles 8 and 6 and Article 1 of Protocol 1 and Article 2 of Protocol 4. From the Court’s decisions, it is possible to reconstruct the legal framework of the obligations of States in respecting and protecting the right to housing under the European human rights protection system. As an analysis of the case law shows, these obligations are predominantly procedural. The treatment of the protection of the right to housing in horizontal relations and the catalogue of goods recognised by the Court as legitimate aims to limit housing rights also deserve special attention.