The author deals with standards regarding a medical experiment carried out on the human body in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. This topic is still significant and causes widespread controversy. It stems, among others, from the enormous technological progress significantly impacting the development of innovative treatment methods. The starting point for these considerations is the fact that the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which is a crucial treaty for the European system for the protection of human rights, does not explicitly express provisions guaranteeing the freedom of scientific research or conducting medical experiments on the human body. However, the Convention still covers these issues. The Strasbourg Tribunal considers the good of the individual (patient) as the highest law each time.