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Articles

No. 1 (48) (2024)

Procedural Law in the Danish Code of King Christian V (Danske Lov) of 1683

  • Andrzej Gaca
Submitted
21 August 2023
Published
25-03-2024

Abstract

The Danish Code (Danske Lov) of King Christian V of 1683 is considered by many historians of law and political systems to be the greatest and most enduring work of the Danish absolute monarchy. In many ways, it was ahead of its time, introducing principles that would not be popularized on our continent until the codifications of the Age of Enlightenment, or perhaps even later. Among the progressive elements contained in the procedural law of the DL are, in particular, the considerable shortening and acceleration of proceedings and the imposition of a duty on royal officials to act in the absence of a complaint from a qualified accuser for offenses of a public nature. Moreover, the undoubtedly innovative nature of many of its provisions led to the development of the institution of legal representation and the provision of legal assistance by deputies and attorneys (plenipotentiaries) for those who could not assert and defend their rights themselves. In addition, the Code introduced significant changes in the field of evidence compared to the previous legal system, essentially breaking with the legal theory of evidence. Thanks to its provisions, preventive measures were further developed and changes were introduced regarding the enforcement of judgments and appeals to higher courts.

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