logo czasopisma

Articles

No. 1 (48) (2024)

Whether, to Whom and to What Extent Are the Rights to the Creation of Generative Artificial Intelligence? A Legal Analysis from the Perspective of MidJourney’s Terms of Use

Submitted
16 November 2023
Published
25-03-2024

Abstract

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems and their application in the creative industries makes it a very important issue to evaluate the creations generated by such systems from a copyright perspective. In this paper, I outline how generative AI systems work using the MidJourney platform as an example. Understanding how such tools are used, in terms of how the user uses them rather than what technology is behind them, allows them to be assessed from the perspective of the content of copyright law and the statements of doctrine. The paper presents the generally dominant idea that the creations of generative AI are not protectable because humans do not create them, and position is critical to these views.

References

  1. Bar Aleksandra, „Prawo autorskie w erze sztucznej inteligencji. Uwagi na tle historii »Portretu Edmonda de Belamy«” Prawo Mediów Elektronicznych, nr1 (2022): 17-25.
    View in Google Scholar
  2. Boom na algorytmy AI. To nowa technologiczna bańka?. https://www.rp.pl/orzel-innowacji/art38085531-boom-na-algorytmy-ai-to-nowa-technologiczna-banka.
    View in Google Scholar
  3. Copyright Registration Guidance: Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-03-16/pdf/2023-05321.pdf.
    View in Google Scholar
  4. „Global Generative AI Market Size, Share & Industry Trends Analysis Report By Component, By Technology, By End Use (Media & Entertainment, BFSI, IT & Telecommunication, Healthcare, Automotive & Transportation)”, Regional Outlook and Forecast, 2022 – 2028, KBV Research, 2022. https://www.kbvresearch.com/generative-ai-market/.
    View in Google Scholar
  5. Grynbaum Michael M., Ryan Mac, „The Times Sues OpenAI and Microsoft Over A.I. Use of Copyrighted Work” The New York Times, 27 grudnia 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/27/business/media/new-york-times-open-ai-microsoft-lawsuit.html.
    View in Google Scholar
  6. Guadamuz Andres, „Can the monkey selfie case teach us anything about copyright law?” WIPO Magazine. https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2018/01/article_0007.html.
    View in Google Scholar
  7. Juściński Piotr Przemysław, „Prawo autorskie w obliczu rozwoju sztucznej inteligencji” Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Prace z Prawa Własności Intelektualnej, nr 1 (2019): 5-44.
    View in Google Scholar
  8. Kalinowski Michał, „Historia sztucznej inteligencji”, [w:] Ochrona danych osobowych i sztuczna inteligencja w prawie polskim i chińskim, red. Igor Szpotakowski, Michał Kalinowski. 50-56. Łódź-Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe ArchaeGraph, 2021. https://www.archaegraph.pl/lib/l231bv/Dane_ebook-kw7t3dfu.pdf.
    View in Google Scholar
  9. Krienke Kimani, „Hollywood is terrified of AI — and how it’s about to steal their jobs”. https://nypost.com/2023/07/06/hollywood-is-terrified-of-ai-stealing-their-jobs-study-shows/.
    View in Google Scholar
  10. Laskowska-Litak Ewa, „Komentarz do ustawy o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych”, [w:] Ustawy autorskie. Komentarze, t. I, red. Ryszard Markiewicz. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2021, Lex.
    View in Google Scholar
  11. Markiewicz Ryszard, „ChatGPT i prawo autorskie Unii Europejskiej” Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Prace z Prawa Własności Intelektualnej, nr 2 (2023): 142-171.
    View in Google Scholar
  12. Mazurek Bartosz, „Twórcą może być człowiek, ale sztucznej inteligencji ignorować nie można”. https://www.prawo.pl/prawo/fotografia-hdr-czy-jest-utworem,522943.html.
    View in Google Scholar
  13. Niewęgłowski Adrian, Prawo autorskie. Komentarz. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2021, komentarz do art. 1, LEX;
    View in Google Scholar
  14. Okoń Zbigniew, „Czy w Midjourney można stworzyć utwór?” LinkedIn, 20 grudnia 2023 r. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/zbigniew-okon_ai-copyright-curia-activity-7143125403115720704-noOT?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop.
    View in Google Scholar
  15. Peck Jess, „What is generative AI and how does it work?”. https://searchengineland.com/what-is-generative-ai-how-it-works-432402.
    View in Google Scholar
  16. Stawicka Paulina, „Twórca utworu stworzonego przez sztuczną inteligencję” Prawo Mediów Elektronicznych, nr 3 (2022): Legalis.
    View in Google Scholar
  17. What is Generative AI?. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/glossary/data-science/generative-ai/.
    View in Google Scholar
  18. Wininger Aaron, „Beijing Internet Court Recognizes Copyright in AI-Generated Images” The National Law Review, 2023. https://www.natlawreview.com/article/beijing-internet-court-recognizes-copyright-ai-generated-images.
    View in Google Scholar
  19. Winston Cho, Artists Lose First Round of Copyright Infringement Case Against AI Art Generators. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/artists-copyright-infringement-case-ai-art-generators-1235632929/.
    View in Google Scholar
  20. Wyczik Jakub, „Prawa własności intelektualnej wobec rozwoju technologii sztucznej inteligencji” Prawo Mediów Elektronicznych, nr 2 (2021): 26.
    View in Google Scholar
  21. Zhou Bo, Artificial Intelligence and Copyright Protection--Judicial Practice in Chinese Courts. https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/about-ip/en/artificial_intelligence/conversation_ip_ai/pdf/ms_china_1_en.pdf.
    View in Google Scholar

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.