Treść głównego artykułu
Abstrakt
Research on accessibility has been intensified due to CRPD. Sometimes, even a new discipline of accessibility studies, separate from disability studies, is distinguished. It is a broad field at the intersection of all disciplines whose theory and practice concern various aspects and areas of accessibility. It needs to be defined as its discipline, with its unique set of methods, ideas, and models. There is undoubtedly a lack of in-depth consideration of accessibility in legal studies. Accessibility has not yet received such considerations as Disability Law or Disability Legal Studies. Accessibility Law awaits similar discussion on its place in the legal studies and legal system. Undeniably, the legal standards of accessibility included in the crPD are part of human rights law. What is missing, however, is an in-depth consideration of how far Disability Law should be seen as a subdiscipline of human rights law, in which the crPD has played a crucial role, and in how far it is already becoming a separate discipline. In
the development of the accessibility law, issues related to identifying other sources and the place of accessibility in the legal system, its role, its legal nature and the scope of accessibility standards can be distinguished. Attempts
are made to assess the content of the Convention concerning accessibility, to analyze General Comment No. 2 (2014) „Article 9 Accessibility”,and to review the subject literature on accessibility law. Detailed legal solutions within the different areas of accessibility are slowly emerging. Lawyers may
struggle with the relationship between the normative and technical content of accessibility. Thus, it becomes important to provide not only legal guarantees but also guarantees of complementary technical standards. Finally, although
accessibility is considered in the context of an international human rights standard, its assessment is not insignificant from a regional or national perspective, including the role of soft law and governance in promoting the rights of persons with disabilities at the EU level.
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Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
Referencje
- Błaszczak Anna, „Zastrzeżenia i oświadczenia interpretacyjne Polski do Konwencji o prawach osób z niepełnosprawnościami” [Poland’s Reservations and Interpretative Statements to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities], [in:] Prawa osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną lub psychiczną w świetle międzynarodowych instrumentów ochrony praw człowieka [Rights of Persons with Intellectual or Mental Disabilities in the Light of International Human Rights Instruments], ed. Dorota Pudzianowska. 25. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2014.
- Broderick Andrea, „Of Rights and Obligations: the Birth of Accessibility” The International Journal of Human Rights, No. 4 (2020): 393-413.
- Einat Albin, „Universalizing the Right to Work of Person with Disabilities: An Equality and Dignity Based Approach”, [in:] The Right to Work, ed. Virginia Mantouvalou. 61-86. Oxford-Portland: Hart Publishing, 2017.
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem Legal Studies Research Paper Series, No. 15–9 (2015): 7.
- Ferri Delia, The UNCRPD within the EU legal system; Conference „Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities in International and EU Law” organized by the EUI Human Rights Working Group and the EUI Academy of European Law (European University Institute, Florence, 27 April 2012), 76.
- https://www.academia.edu/26653617/_The_UNCRPD_within_the_EU_legal_system_2012_Conference_Human_Rights_of_Persons_with_Disabilities_in_International_and_EU_Law_organized_by_the_EUI_Human_Rights_Working_Group_and_the_EUI_Academy_of_European_Law_European_University_Institute_Florence_27_April_2012_.
- Greco Gian Maria, „On Accessibility as a Human Right, with an Application to Media Accessibility”, [in:] Anna Matamala, Pilar Orero, Researching Audio Description. New Approaches. 18-19. Barcelona: Palgrave, 2016.
- Greco Gian Maria, „The Nature of Accessibility Studies” Journal of Audiovisual Translation, 1 (2018): 205-232.
- Kanter Arlene S., „Do Human Rights Treaties Matter: The Case for the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, No. 3 (2019): 577-609.
- Kanter Arlene S., The Development of Disability Rights Under International Law: From Charity to Human Rights. London-New York: Routledge, 2015.
- Kapelańska-Pręgowska Julia, „Wdrażanie, stosowanie i kontrola wykonywania Konwencji ONZ o prawach osób niepełnosprawnych niepełnosprawnych [Implementation, Application and Follow-up of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities]” [in:] Zatrudnianie osób niepełnosprawnych. Regulacje prawne [Employment of Persons with Disabilities. Legal Regulations], ed. Aneta Giedrewicz-Niwińska, Marzena Szabłowska-Juckiewicz. 26. Warszawa: Difin, 2014.
- Kayess Rosemary, Pillip French, „Out of Darkness in to Light? Introducing the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” Human Rights Law Review, No. 8 (2008): 1-34.
- Kowalski Piotr, „»Nowe prawa człowieka«. Perspektywy i zagrożenia [»New Human Rights«. Prospects and Threats]” Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, No. 2 (1988): 69-71.
- Lang Raymond, Maria Kett, Nora Groce, Jean-Francois Trani, „Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Principles, Implications, Practice and Limitations” European Journal of Disability Research, 5 (2011): 206¬-220.
- Lawson Anna, „Disability Law as an Academic Discipline: Towards Cohesion and Mainstreaming?” Journal of Law and Society, No. 4 (2020): 560-570. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jols.12258.
- MacKay Don (Chairman of the Ad Hoc Committee on Convention on Persons with Disabilities), Committee negotiating convention on rights of disabled persons concludes current session, 12.08.2005. https://www.un.org/press/en/2005/soc4680.doc.htm.
- Osiatyński Wiktor, Prawa człowieka i ich granice, translated by Sergiusz Kowalski. Kraków: Znak, 2011.
- Pennock James Roland, „Rights, Natural Rights, and Human Rights – a General View” Human Rights, vol. XXIII (1981): 1-28.
- Perlin Michael L., „Human Rights Law for Persons With Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific: The Need for a Disability Rights Tribunal” Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, No. 2 (2013): 96-98.
- Połatyńska Joanna, Ewa Staszewska, „5.4. Prawo do pracy szczególnych grup społecznych w świetle prawa międzynarodowego” [The Right to Work of Special Social Groups under International Law], [in:] System Prawa Pracy, t. IX, Międzynarodowe publiczne prawo pracy. Standardy globalne [The System of Labour Law. Volume IX. International Public Labour Law. Global Standards], ed. Krzysztof Wojciech Baran. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2019. LEX
- Quinn Gerard, Theresia Degener et al., The Current Use and Future Potential of United Nations Human Rights Instruments in the Context of Disability. New York-Geneva: United Nations, 2002.
- Roszewska Katarzyna, „Accessibility – One of the Human Rights or the Means of Their Implementation” Law and Social Bonds, 3 (2021): 158-176.
- Schulze Marianne, Understanding The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, A Handbook on the Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 2010. https://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/sites/default/files/documents/hi_crpd_manual2010.pdf.
- Seatzu Francesco, „Article 9 [Accessibility]”, [in:] The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. A Commentary, ed. Valentina Della Fina, Rachele Cera, Giuseppe Palmisano. 225–242. Switzerland: Springer, 2017.
- Szwed Marcin, „Relacje między Europejską konwencją praw człowieka a Konwencją o prawach osób niepełnosprawnych” [Relations between the European Convention on Human Rights and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities] Państwo i Prawo, No. 2 (2023): 132-147.
- Vehmas Simo, Nick Watson, „Chapter 6. Disability and human rights”, [in:] Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies, ed. Nick Watson, Alan Roulstone, Carol Thomas. 2nd ed. 72-88. London-New York: Routledge, 2020.
Referencje
Błaszczak Anna, „Zastrzeżenia i oświadczenia interpretacyjne Polski do Konwencji o prawach osób z niepełnosprawnościami” [Poland’s Reservations and Interpretative Statements to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities], [in:] Prawa osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną lub psychiczną w świetle międzynarodowych instrumentów ochrony praw człowieka [Rights of Persons with Intellectual or Mental Disabilities in the Light of International Human Rights Instruments], ed. Dorota Pudzianowska. 25. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2014.
Broderick Andrea, „Of Rights and Obligations: the Birth of Accessibility” The International Journal of Human Rights, No. 4 (2020): 393-413.
Einat Albin, „Universalizing the Right to Work of Person with Disabilities: An Equality and Dignity Based Approach”, [in:] The Right to Work, ed. Virginia Mantouvalou. 61-86. Oxford-Portland: Hart Publishing, 2017.
Hebrew University of Jerusalem Legal Studies Research Paper Series, No. 15–9 (2015): 7.
Ferri Delia, The UNCRPD within the EU legal system; Conference „Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities in International and EU Law” organized by the EUI Human Rights Working Group and the EUI Academy of European Law (European University Institute, Florence, 27 April 2012), 76.
Greco Gian Maria, „On Accessibility as a Human Right, with an Application to Media Accessibility”, [in:] Anna Matamala, Pilar Orero, Researching Audio Description. New Approaches. 18-19. Barcelona: Palgrave, 2016.
Greco Gian Maria, „The Nature of Accessibility Studies” Journal of Audiovisual Translation, 1 (2018): 205-232.
Kanter Arlene S., „Do Human Rights Treaties Matter: The Case for the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, No. 3 (2019): 577-609.
Kanter Arlene S., The Development of Disability Rights Under International Law: From Charity to Human Rights. London-New York: Routledge, 2015.
Kapelańska-Pręgowska Julia, „Wdrażanie, stosowanie i kontrola wykonywania Konwencji ONZ o prawach osób niepełnosprawnych niepełnosprawnych [Implementation, Application and Follow-up of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities]” [in:] Zatrudnianie osób niepełnosprawnych. Regulacje prawne [Employment of Persons with Disabilities. Legal Regulations], ed. Aneta Giedrewicz-Niwińska, Marzena Szabłowska-Juckiewicz. 26. Warszawa: Difin, 2014.
Kayess Rosemary, Pillip French, „Out of Darkness in to Light? Introducing the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” Human Rights Law Review, No. 8 (2008): 1-34.
Kowalski Piotr, „»Nowe prawa człowieka«. Perspektywy i zagrożenia [»New Human Rights«. Prospects and Threats]” Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, No. 2 (1988): 69-71.
Lang Raymond, Maria Kett, Nora Groce, Jean-Francois Trani, „Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Principles, Implications, Practice and Limitations” European Journal of Disability Research, 5 (2011): 206¬-220.
Lawson Anna, „Disability Law as an Academic Discipline: Towards Cohesion and Mainstreaming?” Journal of Law and Society, No. 4 (2020): 560-570. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jols.12258.
MacKay Don (Chairman of the Ad Hoc Committee on Convention on Persons with Disabilities), Committee negotiating convention on rights of disabled persons concludes current session, 12.08.2005. https://www.un.org/press/en/2005/soc4680.doc.htm.
Osiatyński Wiktor, Prawa człowieka i ich granice, translated by Sergiusz Kowalski. Kraków: Znak, 2011.
Pennock James Roland, „Rights, Natural Rights, and Human Rights – a General View” Human Rights, vol. XXIII (1981): 1-28.
Perlin Michael L., „Human Rights Law for Persons With Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific: The Need for a Disability Rights Tribunal” Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, No. 2 (2013): 96-98.
Połatyńska Joanna, Ewa Staszewska, „5.4. Prawo do pracy szczególnych grup społecznych w świetle prawa międzynarodowego” [The Right to Work of Special Social Groups under International Law], [in:] System Prawa Pracy, t. IX, Międzynarodowe publiczne prawo pracy. Standardy globalne [The System of Labour Law. Volume IX. International Public Labour Law. Global Standards], ed. Krzysztof Wojciech Baran. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer, 2019. LEX
Quinn Gerard, Theresia Degener et al., The Current Use and Future Potential of United Nations Human Rights Instruments in the Context of Disability. New York-Geneva: United Nations, 2002.
Roszewska Katarzyna, „Accessibility – One of the Human Rights or the Means of Their Implementation” Law and Social Bonds, 3 (2021): 158-176.
Schulze Marianne, Understanding The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, A Handbook on the Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 2010. https://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/sites/default/files/documents/hi_crpd_manual2010.pdf.
Seatzu Francesco, „Article 9 [Accessibility]”, [in:] The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. A Commentary, ed. Valentina Della Fina, Rachele Cera, Giuseppe Palmisano. 225–242. Switzerland: Springer, 2017.
Szwed Marcin, „Relacje między Europejską konwencją praw człowieka a Konwencją o prawach osób niepełnosprawnych” [Relations between the European Convention on Human Rights and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities] Państwo i Prawo, No. 2 (2023): 132-147.
Vehmas Simo, Nick Watson, „Chapter 6. Disability and human rights”, [in:] Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies, ed. Nick Watson, Alan Roulstone, Carol Thomas. 2nd ed. 72-88. London-New York: Routledge, 2020.